Calculating machine



June 9, 1942. c. M. FRIDEN 2,285,427

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed July 4, 1959 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR ATTORN EY June 9, 1942., c. M. FRIDEN CALCULATING MACHINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 4, 1939 INVENTOR Car/ MT Fr/den W M ATTORNEY June 9, 1942. c. M. FRIDEN CALCULATING MACHINE Filed July 4, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTQR Car/ M. Fr/ den BYW/M ATTORNEY June 9, 1942. c. M. FRIDEN CALCULATING MACHINE Filed July 4, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 lNVENTOR Car/ M Fr/oen Y ATTORNEY Patented June 9, 1942 CALCULATING MACHINE Carl M. l riden, Oakland, Calif., assignor to Frlden Calculating Machine Co., Inc., a corporation of California Application July 4, 1939, Serial No. 282,768

8 Claims.

My invention relates to calculating machines and is concerned more particularly with the pro vision of improved tens transfer mechanism to provide for increased transfer capacity in a cal: culating machine.

It is the general object of the invention to provide an improved tens transfer mechanism for a calculating machine.

Another general object of the invention is to provide an improved calculating machine combining tens transfer mechanism of the cyclic type with non-cyclic transfer mechanism to increase the transfer capacity of a machine.

Another object of the invention is to provide improved tens transfer mechanism which can be readily installed to provide extra transferring orders in a calculating machine.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved tens transfer mechanism of the reversible type which is controlled by the usual reversing means of the calculating machine.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description thereof which is made with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary'longitudinal section.

through therear portion of a calculating ma- K chine embodying my invention with a part of the actuating means broken away to illustrate the construction more clearly.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary plan view of the rear portion of the machine with the carriage and other parts removed.

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional elevation taken as indicated by the line 3-3 in Fig. 2.

Fig, 4 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a portion of the machine, the view being taken in a plane indicated by the line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary bottom plan view of one end of the carriage taken as indicated by the line 5-5 in Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary plan view with certain portions omitted and showing one unit or one.

order of the non-cyclic transfer mechanism as conditioned for operation by movement'of the shown) in the usual manner Brackets II and ll support rollers IS on which register carriage I1 is mounted for endwise shifting movement under control ofany suitable means.

Carria e I! (Fig. 1) has frame id in which a numeral wheel shaft I! for each order of the register is loumaled. At its upper end each shaft l9 carries numeral wheel 2| having the digits fromzero to 9 inscribed thereon in the conventional manner, and at its lower end carries ten tooth numeral wheel gear 22. Intermediate its ends, each shaft I9 carries ten tooth ratchet gear 23 with which spring urged ball 24 cooperates to maintain numeral wheel 2| in adjusted position. Shaft l9 also carries resetting gear 25 for cooperation with suitable resetting means not shown.

Numeral wheels 2| (Fig. l) are rotatable in either direction to register positive and negative values and for this purpose ten-tooth gear 22 has associated therewith a pair of opposed ten-tooth bevel gears 28, 21 (Figs. 1 and 2) formed at the ends of spool 28. The shifted positions of gears 26, 21 are controlled by transversely extending strap 29 positioned between each pair of gears 21, negative actuation of numeral wheels 2| is determined.

From the above description, it is seen that any increment of movement of a spool 28 will be transmitted to the associated numeral wheel 2| if either of gears 26 or 21 isplaced in active position.

Means are provided in the various orders of the machine to determine the number of increments of such movement. 'For this purposes bank of numeral keys 8| is provided for each order of the machine, only a part of one of such banks being shown in Fig 1., The numeral keys 3| of each blank of the machine cooperate with a pairof differential value selecting slides 32, 83 which are mounted for ndwise shifting movement and are provided with cam surfaces of varying inclination to be set differentially in ac cordance with the value of the depressed numeral key. At their rearward ends, slides 82, 33 carry respective ten-tooth gears 34. 38 whibh cooperate respectively with the two sets of stepped teeth 36, 31 on an actuating cylinder 38 of the digitation actuating mechanism.

Gears 34, 38 (Figs. 1 and 3) are mounted for sliding movement on square shaft 89 having its front end journalled in bracket." and extendin rearwardly through bracket l2 and spool 28, and having its rear end journalled in bracket Ii. Teeth 38 cooperate with gear 34 in their relatively adjusted positions to determine movement of shaft 39 for from six to nine increments, while teeth. 31- and gear 35 cooperate to determine movement of shaft 38 for from one to five increments. A pair of cylinders 88 are mounted on each actuating shaft 4| for a pair of adjacent orders, the respective actuating shafts 38 of such adjacent orders being spaced to either side and above the associated actuating shaft 4| as clearly seen in Fig. 3. Each actuating shaft 4| is joumalled in brackets l3 and 88 and at its front end has a bevel gear connection 42 with transverse shaft 43. Shaft 43 has its ends journalled in respective side plates and is driven cyclically from a suitable source of power such as an electric motor, or a hand crank. In the embodiment shown, one cycle of operation is effected by one rotation of shaft 48. Thus, for each rotation of shaft 43, shafts 4| and cylinders 88 also have a single rotation tocause registration of the number selected by the depressed numeral keys 3| on the associated numeral wheels 2|. a

Means are provided for preventing overthrow of the numeral wheels at the end of an actuation thereof and for this purpose the twosets of stepped teeth 38, 81 (Fig. 1 of each cylinder 38 are located with their last active teeth in alignment and there is associated with each shaft 88. a Geneva wheel 48 (Figs. 1-3) mounted thereon for rotationtherewith, and associated with each Geneva wheel 48 is a locking disc 41 on an actuating shaft 4| and having a recessed portion 48 extending around its periphery for a distance corresponding to the distance occupied by teeth 88 on the associated cylinder 38. Each Geneva wheel 48 (Fig. 3) has ten concave faces for cooperation with the associated disc 41 so that for each increment of movement imparted to shaft 88 and Geneva wheel 48 by one of teeth 88 or 31, one of the faces is positioned for cooperation with associated disc 4'1. The trailing edge of recessed portion 48 moves into engagement with Geneva wheel 48 immediately after the last active tooth of teeth 38-, 31 has actuated one of gears 34 or 35 so that the associated shaft 88 and, consequently, the associated numeral wheel 2 l, are positively locked against further rotation. To center shaft 88 and Geneva wheel 48 in position, after movement thereof, shaft 88 carries ten tooth ratchet gear 49 (Fig. 1) adjacent frame bracket II which has spring-pressed ball 50 mounted therein for cooperation with gear 49.

.Each pair of locking discs 41 for adjacent orthe sign character of the digitation increments.

ders of the machine are mounted on actuating I shaft 4| in axially offset relation. in the same manner and for the same purpose as the similar mounting of the associated actuating cylinders 88.

cyclically operable transfer mechanism of conventional construction is provided for cooperation with the actuating cylinders described above and generally such transfer mechanism comprises tripping means associated with each .numeral wheel, except that of highest order. for enabling a drive connection from a transfer actuator to the numeral wheel of next higher order, so that such next higher order numeral wheel receives one increment of movement when the numeral wheel of lower order passes from 9 to zero or zero to 9. The sign character of the transferred increment is determined in the same manner as To effect the tripping of a transfer, each numeral wheel shaft is (Figs. 1 and 5) is provided with single tooth gear 8| immediately below carriage frame l8for cooperation with tripping lever 82, pivoted at 83 in frame l8 and yieldably held therein by spring-pressed ball 84 engaging a slightly off-center seat in pivot 53. Lever 82 has extension 88 (Fig. 5) positioned in the path of single tooth gear 8| of one order, so that when the numeral wheel passes from nine to zero or zero to 9, extension 55 is engaged by the tooth of gear 8| and lever 52 is rocked in a clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 5, the limit of such movement being determined by the engagement of face 88a of extension 88 with the next adjacent tripping lever 82. The clockwise rocking is against the urgency of spring-pressed ball 84 (Fig. l) which yieldably maintains the lever in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 5.

Lever 82 is also provided with arm 88 extending into the next higher order of the machine and normally engaging lever 82 of such order adjacent to its pivot 88. Am 88 has bend end 51 (Fig. 1) which extends downwardly and engages rearwardly of annular flange 88 of gear hub 89. Hub 89 carries transfer gear 8| and is slidably mounted on shaft 88 so that rocking movement of tripping lever 82 results in shifting hub 58 and gear 8| forwardly of the machine ing disc 41 is provided with a transfer notch 88 (Fig. 3) spaced from recessed portion 48 by an interposed solid portion 84 of disc 41.

From the above description it is seen that each time a transfer is determined in one order of the machine, gear 8| of the next higher order is moved into active position to be subsequentlyoperated by the associated transfer actuator 82.

Means are provided for resiliently maintaining gear 8| in either shifted position thereof and associated with such maintaining means is a restoring cam, which operates with each pair of adjacent gears 8|. Gear hub-88 (Fig. 1) has a secondannularflange 88 which extends between spaced annular flanges 81 of shaft 88, which is slidably mounted in transverse member 88 secured on bracket l1 and spaced therefrom, and transverse member ll spaced from member 89 and suitably supported on the frame of the machine. Shaft 88 issultably maintained resiliently in either shifted position thereof. It will be noted that when gear ii is moved to operative position the forward end of shaft 68 will project beyond member 69 and into the path of restoring cam I2 (Figs. 1 and 2) preferably formed integrally with actuator 62a of each pair of associated transfer actuators. It will be seen that the successive pairs of actuators 62, 622 on the remaining actuating shafts H are spaced apart an angular distance to provide for successive operation of the transfer actuators from the lowest to the highest order.

The above described mechanism is all of conventional construction being described and claimed in my co-pending application Serial No. 75,307, filed April 20, 1936. Usually, one or more extra transfer orders of the character described above are provided in orders which do not have any digitation actuation associated therewith. However, the number of such orders which can be utilized in a 360 cycle is limited, and the present invention is concerned with provision of additional transfer orders which are of acharacter to extend the transfer capacity of the machine without requiring the same amount of time in the cycle as the cyclically timed transfer mechanism of the type described above.

The non-cyclic transfer mechanism of the instant invention is not definitely timed with the cyclically driven mechanism of the machine, but is dependent for its timing solely upon the stepby-step transfer from numeral wheel to nu- :neral wheel. The transfer is preferably effected directly by the numeral wheel of next lower order in passing from zero to 9 or 9 to zero, as

the case may be.

The non-cyclic transfer mechanism includes bracket 15 (Figs. 2, 3 and 4) which is mounted in a horizontal position to extend through cutaway portion I6 of left side plate ll. Bracket 15 is provided with upright ears I1, which may be suitably secured to the plate Ill as at ll. 'Iwo similar transfer units are mounted on the bracket 15 and as the units are identical in construction only one will be described in detail.

Each transfer unit includes a substantially T- shaped setting lever 8| which is pivoted by stud '82 on L-shaped actuating bellcrank N pivoted by stud 8| on bracket 15. The T-shaped setting lever 8| is therefore capable of a compound movement, one given by itsown pivotal mounting at 82 and the other given by the pivoting offlbellcrank 83 at 84. These two movements are 'uti- 'iiz'ed in conditioning and selecting the direction of the transferred increment, and in actually performing the transferring operation.

- Setting lever'Bl Figs. 2 and 4) is provided with opposite upturned ears N on which respective spring urged actuating pawls ll are pivoted at 88. Each pawl 81 is provided with an actuating tooth 88 and an offset ear 8| which is belowv the pivotal axis and is connected by a spring 22 with an extension of ear I. The spring 92 urges the pawl 81 in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 3.so that the offset ear ll is normally held in engagement with the side of upturned ear I to provide a stop for the pawl. In this position thenose 89 is in the plane of the numeral wheel gear 22 as shown in Fig. 4 but is normally disposed out of the path of the nu- .meral wheel gear so that the carriage can be shifted freely.

As seen most clearly in Figs. 2 and 4, the respective pawls II at the opposite sides of a numeral wheel'gear 22 can be moved into engagement therewith by oscillation of the transfer lever ll about its pivot 22 and preferably this movement is controlled by the strap 22 which shifts the plus-minus gears of the machine so that the transfer unit is similarly conditioned for either positive or negative operation.

To effect this conditioning movement, setting lever 8! (Figs. 2 to 4) is provided with a bifurcated extension 96 which embraces a stud I! upstanding from the strap 28. Thus movement of the strap 29 in either direction from a central neutral position as shown in Fig. 4 will cause oscillation of the lever ll about its pivot 82 to move one of the ipawls ll into engagement with the aligned numeral wheel gear 22. This condition of the parts is shown in Fig. 6.

To effect the operating portion of the transferring operation, actuating lever 83 is adapted to be operated by the transfer lever of the numeral wheel of next lower order. The movement of the lever ll (Fig. 2) about its pivot N is controlled by the engagement of respective stop surfaces ill and I02 thereof with pin I03 on bracket ll. As shown in Fig. 2 in the neutral position of the lever 82, spring I maintains stop surface iOi in engagement with pin I".

To provide for operation thereof, actuating lever I3 is provided with upstanding ear I" (Figs. 2 and 4) which is adapted for engagement with depending ear II of the transfer lever 52 of next lower order. Thus, when the next lower order transfer lever 52 is oscillated by its associated transfer gear 5i, lever II will be rocked from the position shown in Fig. 6 to that shown in Fig. 7. During this movement the tooth 88 engaged with the numeral wheel gear 22 will advance such gear for one tooth space. when the lever 82 rocks back the pawl 81 yields and its nose 8! snaps under the tooth of gear 22 which is maintained in its adjusted position by the overthrow preventing and centralizing means 22 and 24 (Fig. 1).

The operation of the transfer mechanism is as follows: When a registration is started and the strap 29 is moved rearwardly of the machine to determine a positive registration forexample, that is, to the position shown in Fig. 6, the pins 01 carried by the strap 2! oscillate the levers II in a counterclockwise direction to the position shown in Fig. 6,- where the noses I! of the respective pawls 81 are moved into engagement with a tooth of the aligned numeral wheel gear 22. If during the registration a transfer is determined from the numeral wheel of next lower order, its one tooth gear ll oscillates the aligned transfer lever 82 so that its depending ear ll oscillates the associated lever II in a clockwise direction so that lever II is moved to the right as viewed in Fig. 2 from the position shown in Fig. 6 to that shown in Fig. 7. This is sufilcient to effect a one-step movement of the numeral wheel gear 22 with which it is engaged so that the transferred increment is entered therein.

While I have shown and described a preferred embodiment of the invention, it will be understood that the invention is capable of both variation and modification from the form shown,

so that its scope should be limited solely by the scope of the claims appended hereto.

I claim:

1. In a calculating machine. a shiftabie carriage, numeral wheels on said carriage, each numeral wheel having a numeral wheel gear associted therewith, transfer levers on said carriage and cooperatively related with said numeral wheels for movement in response to passing of the associated numeral wheel from 9 to zero or zero to 9, a transfer actuating lever mounted for movement in the machine in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of shifting movement of said numeral wheel gears, a transfer setting lever pivotally mounted on said transfer actuating lever for movement in a direction substantially transversely to the direction of movement of said numeral wheel gears, a pair of pawls carried by said transfer setting lever and positioned at opposite sides of a numeral wheel gear aligned therewith, and means for selectively engaging said pawls with the said aligned numeral wheel gear, said transfer actuating lever being operable by the aligned one of said transfer levers upon movement of the associated lower order numeral wheel from 9 to zero or zero to 9 to effect a transferring operation by movement of the pawl engaged with the said aligned numeral wheel.

2. In a calculating machine, shiftable numeral Wheels including a numeral wheel gear associated with each numeral wheel, said gears being movable through a path in ordinal step-by-step fashion, plus-minus gears associated with said numeral wheel gears for selectively effecting movement thereof in opposite directions, means for rnoving said plus-minus gears selectively into cooperative relation with said numeral wheel gears, a transfer lever, means for moving said lever in a direction substantially transversely to the direction of movement of said numeral gears along said path, a pair of transfer pawls carried by said lever and selectively movable into engagement with a numeral wheel gear aligned therewith, and means for moving said lever in a direction of movement of said numeral wheel gears along said pathto effect a one step movement of said aligned numeral wheel gear. a

3. In a calculating machine having a frame, a carriage mounted for endwise shifting movement on said frame to various ordinal positions, a series of ordinally arranged numeral wheels on said carriage, a series of pivotally mounted levers on said carriage, each lever being associated with one of said numeral wheels for movement in response to movement of the said associated numeral wheel from to cyclically operable transfer actuating mechanism in said frame for operation under control of said levers and disposed to effect transferring operations with the numeral wheels ,of lower orders;

non-cyclic transfer means for continuing transferring operations for at least one order higher than the capacity of said cyclically operable transfer mechanism, said transfer means also operating under control of said numeral wheels by means of said levers.

4. In a calculating machine, a. shiftable car riage, numeral wheels on said carriage, numeral wheel gears associated with said respective numeral wheels to transmit increments of movement thereto,. transfer levers on said carriage and cooperatively related with said numeral wheels for movement thereby, each of said transfer levers being operated in response to movement of the associated numeral wheel'upon passing from 9 to 0" or 0" to '9, a transfer actuating lever mounted in the machine for movement in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of shifting movement of said numeral wheel gears, a transfer setting lever mounted on said transfer actuating lever for movement in a direction substantially transversely to the direction of movement of said nun9n oi. 9" o on, d

meral wheel gears, a pair of pawls carried by said transfer setting lever and positioned at opposite sides of the numeral wheel gear aligned therewith, means for operating said transfer setting lever upon selection of the direction of actuation of said numeral wheels to engage one of said pawls with the aligned numeral wheel gear, and means responsive to the operation of a transfer lever of the order next lower than the order associated with said pawls for operating said transfer actuating lever and for effecting a transferring operation on a numeral wheel by the active pawl engaged with the associated numeral wheel gear.

5. In a calculating machine, a shiftable oarriage, numeral whels on said carriage, numeral wheel gears associated with said respective numeral wheels to'transmit increments of movement thereto, a transfer actuating lever pivotally mounted in the machine and extending in a direction substantially transverse to the direction of shifting movement of said numeral wheel gears, a transfer setting lever pivotally mounted on said transfer actuating lever and extending in a direction substantially parallel to the'direction of movement of said numeral wheel gears,

a pair of one-way acting pawls carried by said transfer setting lever and positioned at opposite sides of the numeral wheel gear aligned therewith," means for operating said transfer setting lever upon selection of the direction of actuation of said numeral wheels to engage one of said pawls with the aligned numeral wheel gear, and means responsive to the passing of a numeral wheel from 9" to 0" or 0 to 9" in the order next lower than the order associated with said pawls for operatingsaid transfer actuating lever and for effecting a transferring operation on a numeral wheel by the active pawl engaged with the associated numeral wheel gear.

6. In a calculating machine of the type having cyclically operable actuating means and a carriage mounted for endwise shifting movement relative to said actuating means, said carriage having a series of numeral wheels mounted therein, transfer mechanism driven cyclically with said actuating means for performing transferringoperations on alignednumeral wheels, a

'series of movably mounted transfer levers on said carriage, each'lever being movable in response to movement of the associated numeral wheel from 9 to zero or zero to 9. transfer means cooperatively related to at least one numeral wheel of higher order than those associated with said transfer mechanism, said transfer means including an element for actuating the aligned one of said numeral wheels and means for operating said element by the said transfer lever associated with the numeral wheel of next lower order upon operative movement of said lever.

7. In a calculating machine having actuating means, a shiftable carriage movable relative to said actuating means and numeral wheels in said carriage, each numeral wheel having a drive receiving element, transfer means for at least one of said numeral wheels, said transfer means including a part having a movement from a normal inoperative position into operative engagement with the aligned numeral wheel element and an- 1 other movement for transmitting a transferred increment to said numeral wheel element, means for engaging said transfer mechanism with an aligned numeral wheel element upon 'conditioning the machine for a registering operation by said actuating means, and means for causing v lower order from zero to 9 a transierring operation of said transfer means upon movement of the numeral wheel or next or 9 to zero, said numeral wheel elements being freely shiftable past said transfer means in the normal inoperative position of said part.

8. In a calculating machine having an endwise shii'table carriage and a series of numeral wheels in said carriage having drive receiving elements whereby said numeral wheels and said elements are movable through a path upon shifting of the negative transfer elements at either side of said path, means for selectively moving one or the other of said transfer elements into operative engagement with the drive receiv ing element aligned therewith, and means for eil'ectlng a transferring movement of the operative transfer element in response to movement of the next lower order numeral wheel from zero to 9 or 9 to zero.

. CARL M. FRIDEN.

carriage, positive and 

